PANews reported on March 29 that Vitalik released the "L2 Security and Finalization Roadmap" on the Ethereum Magicians forum to discuss the latest progress in the security and finality of Ethereum L2. Vitalik pointed out that three major Rollups have entered the first phase, and the Pectra and Fusaka upgrades will greatly improve the storage and throughput capacity of L2. At the same time, the development of ZK-EVM will help shorten the final confirmation time of transactions. Vitalik proposed a "2-choose-3" architecture based on optimistic proof (OP) + zero-knowledge proof (ZK) + trusted execution environment (TEE) to achieve faster and safer L2 finalization. The plan envisions: if ZK and TEE verify at the same time, the finality will be immediate; if only one of them confirms, it will take 7 days to wait and pass OP verification; the security committee can intervene in the update logic under certain conditions.
Vitalik emphasized that the architecture aims to achieve three goals: first, to provide instant finality under normal circumstances, second, to meet the trust minimization requirements of L2 entering the second phase, and third, to avoid over-reliance on the ZK system. In this way, L2 can improve security and reduce settlement time to less than 1 hour in scenarios such as market makers, thereby significantly reducing the cost of cross-L2 bridging.
